Or in 1860 where they started laying sea cables to connect landmasses.
I never claimed that other countries do not do valuable things, but these things are not the internet.
I’m talking about something very specific: the Internet. It was created by the US DOD in the 1960’s. Without that happening what would have likely developed are a bunch of private networks like Compuserve, AOL, MSN etc that charge us by the hour.
It is typical that the US claims to have invented something when it is clearly a collaborative effort.
Why is it important to you to revise history on this particular topic? Creating the internet was not even a collaborative effort within the USA. It was done entirely by one single government agency, the Department of Defense. Nobody is saying Europeans never invented anything. Just not the internet.
The internet has so many beginnings
It has exactly one beginning. In 1969. It wasn’t even connected over the Atlantic until 1973.
That is an interesting point of view. Very USA exceptional. It’s also dumbed down a lot. ARPANET is a computer network, but it’s not internet, nor it was the first. It kickstarted popularity of computer networks in the USA and provided first FTP and (I think) first remote login.
Popularity of computer networks in USA definitely was a formative quality over the 20 years of international development of the Internet.
But saying ARPANET was the internet is like saying gramophone is Netflix.
First computer network to send packets to another computer was British NPL network. Then US government founded ARPANET, built upon that. Except that DARPA besides having own researchers outsourced to Stanford, BBN and University College of London (“How the Internet Came to Be”, quoting I forgot whom from DARPA).
Then French Cyclades computer network built upon ARPANET and proposed that multiple networks should be able to communicate with each other.
Then USA non-profit IEEE looked at all that proposed TCP/IP for cross-network communication, and that is the thing that (after many iterations over a decade) led to the Internet not being separate networks like AOL or Computerverse or whatever.
First was Spain with RETD , then France, then USA with Telenet. Then Canada. Then in 1978 we started connecting those separate networks. I think the first properly working project was
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Packet_Switched_Service between British post office and USA post office.
On those public data networks the Internet’s physical layer was built.
In USA U.S. National Science Foundation was founding more and more computer networks, including CSNET. That’s still not internet. It’s 1980 and it will take a decade of new inventions (Ethernet, LAN, DNS) and improvements & implementations (like to TCP/IP) before we will get the internet.
Here’s a nifty source for that decade, because I spent 50 minutes writing this post before I noticed I’m arguing with a guy over the internet about the internet.
I never claimed that other countries do not do valuable things, but these things are not the internet.
I’m talking about something very specific: the Internet. It was created by the US DOD in the 1960’s. Without that happening what would have likely developed are a bunch of private networks like Compuserve, AOL, MSN etc that charge us by the hour.
Why is it important to you to revise history on this particular topic? Creating the internet was not even a collaborative effort within the USA. It was done entirely by one single government agency, the Department of Defense. Nobody is saying Europeans never invented anything. Just not the internet.
It has exactly one beginning. In 1969. It wasn’t even connected over the Atlantic until 1973.
https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/arpanet-internet
That is an interesting point of view. Very USA exceptional. It’s also dumbed down a lot. ARPANET is a computer network, but it’s not internet, nor it was the first. It kickstarted popularity of computer networks in the USA and provided first FTP and (I think) first remote login.
Popularity of computer networks in USA definitely was a formative quality over the 20 years of international development of the Internet.
But saying ARPANET was the internet is like saying gramophone is Netflix.
First computer network to send packets to another computer was British NPL network. Then US government founded ARPANET, built upon that. Except that DARPA besides having own researchers outsourced to Stanford, BBN and University College of London (“How the Internet Came to Be”, quoting I forgot whom from DARPA).
Then French Cyclades computer network built upon ARPANET and proposed that multiple networks should be able to communicate with each other.
Then USA non-profit IEEE looked at all that proposed TCP/IP for cross-network communication, and that is the thing that (after many iterations over a decade) led to the Internet not being separate networks like AOL or Computerverse or whatever.
Now we’re getting closer to the internet and it’s time for https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_data_network
First was Spain with RETD , then France, then USA with Telenet. Then Canada. Then in 1978 we started connecting those separate networks. I think the first properly working project was https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Packet_Switched_Service between British post office and USA post office.
On those public data networks the Internet’s physical layer was built.
In USA U.S. National Science Foundation was founding more and more computer networks, including CSNET. That’s still not internet. It’s 1980 and it will take a decade of new inventions (Ethernet, LAN, DNS) and improvements & implementations (like to TCP/IP) before we will get the internet.
Here’s a nifty source for that decade, because I spent 50 minutes writing this post before I noticed I’m arguing with a guy over the internet about the internet.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Internet (there is a nice timeline list there).