4chan and Kiwi Farms sued the United Kingdom’s Office of Communications (Ofcom) over its age verification law in U.S. federal court Wednesday, fulfilling a promise it announced on August 23. In the lawsuit, 4chan and Kiwi Farms claim that threats and fines they have received from Ofcom “constitute foreign judgments that would restrict speech under U.S. law.”
Both entities say in the lawsuit that they are wholly based in the U.S. and that they do not have any operations in the United Kingdom and are therefore not subject to local laws. Ofcom’s attempts to fine and block 4chan and Kiwi Farms, and the lawsuit against Ofcom, highlight the messiness involved with trying to restrict access to specific websites or to force companies to comply with age verification laws.
They have no legal entity in the uk
they operate and serve visitors in the uk.
That’s not how the internet works. They operate a website that is exposed on the internet. The key here is exposed. They aren’t coming over to the UK to operate. When you visit their site you’re going to them.
It’s like saying a small village in France that has a bakery serving cum filled doughnuts (LOL I don’t know WTF French people like to do) serves visitors in the UK because there is a railway line in the village connected to Eurostar which in turn connects to the UK. At that point they are only serving visitors that happen to be in that little French village. And if no French laws against cum filled doughnuts exist then why should the bakery pay UK fines?
If they don’t comply, the UK will order ISPs to block access.
If 4chan really genuinely doesn’t care about UK users (“it’s not our fault some people from the UK access our site”), then they won’t be bothered about this. If the loss of UK users is considered significant to them, then clearly they are actively interested in serving the UK market.
What matters is where the customer is at the time, not where they’re from. If a British person goes to France and buys food from a French shop, they are for all intents and purposes a French customer at the time the sale takes place; French food standards laws would apply.
By the same token, if you travel to France and then use the internet to access 4chan, you are a French internet user for the purposes of that interaction, and French laws would apply to you. If a French person came to the UK and accessed 4chan, British laws would apply to them at that time.
Now if your hypothetical French bakery wanted to export its products to the UK (i.e. sell them to British consumers who are in Britain), they’d need to meet British food standards. The fact that they’re a French business doesn’t exempt them from that.
I think I agree with this.
Fair. But the UK law isn’t going after the user it’s going after the provider. In another country. That’s the distinction, right?
To stick with the analogy, this would be like a French bakery taking export orders shipping to customers in the UK. They know they’re shipping to UK customers, they know their products are crossing the border into another jurisdiction, and it’s their responsibility to make sure the product meets UK standards.
If they don’t make sure their product is legal for the UK market, the government would be justified in (and indeed expected to) block the import and prevent the sale.
Slight disagree with the revised analogy.
Imagine you’re running this French cum doughnut factory but you only serve local customers. One day a British tourist arrives - “oh I say how delightful!” - and buys, perfectly legally, a cum filled French doughnut. They then take it back to the UK for consumption. Again, the French bakery has broken no laws in France (inserting cum into doughnuts is perfectly legitimate in France). The British tourist broke no laws purchasing the doughnut. But only consumed it back home in Blighty where the government had said that children should be protected from doughnuts filled with cum but for adults it’s OK.
It’s more obvious in a physical goods scenario where you’d simply say the traveller needs to attest they have the right to the product at the border. Much like a limit on the amount of alcohol that you can bring back from abroad. But it’s harder when we’re not talking about physical goods, we’re talking about information. There isn’t an “export license” for information on the internet. Imagine if we had an internet where you couldn’t read a newspaper online from Peru because the proprietor didn’t purchase any export license. Madness.
The principle should be that countries enforce laws in their own jurisdictions. But the UK wants to additionally enforce it’s laws on other jurisdictions. It doesn’t want to admit this law is shit. And it doesn’t want to block the information as it crosses the border - as in a Great British Firewall like China’s. So it has made a pickle all for itself.
We’re stretching this analogy to breaking point here, but…
The equivalent action to this would be to hop on a ferry to Calais, use a French internet connection to load up a page of 4chan on your browser, then hop back across the channel to read the page you’ve loaded back in Dover.
Which from an OSA point of view is actually fine. If a bit unlikely.
We don’t have “export licences” for websites, but that’s not because it’s philosophically absurd; we have lots of other restrictions on ways things can be broadcast or disseminated into the country. Websites which break UK laws (such as hosting child pornography or selling illegal goods) are frequently blocked to all UK users. You can view the OSA as an unacceptable overreach, if that’s your view- but it’s not a fundamental departure from what we already do and have done for a long time.
No more cum filled doughnuts. Understood.
Then I don’t understand why we don’t continue to do this then? The UK doesn’t like 4chan, ask them to kindly change their ways, upon refusal, block them. Same with Facebook.
Instead they’re attempting to fine them where they have no jurisdiction to fine them. They don’t want to start mass blocking sites because it makes them look like China. The law is dumb and ill thought out and unnecessary.
How do you suggest any government regulation of the web should work then? Should our laws against things like hate speech and CSAM not apply to sites that don’t have legal presences in the UK?
Also, the bakery is a bad metaphor as you have to physically leave the country to get to it. A better analogy would be if you could order from a French bakery with something like Just Eat and get it delivered to your house, which UK laws should obviously apply in that case.
Whether you’re the courier yourself or it is an Uber Eats rider doesn’t matter. The point is there is a pathway to another jurisdiction where a transaction happens. At the point of transaction, in that jurisdiction, are any laws being broken? If the answer is no, as much as we might not like it, then that is massive jurisdictional over reach.
Another analogy: You’re a UK satire site that operates in English and talks about everything from games to politics and one of your users posts a picture of President Xi dressed as Winnie The Pooh eating a cum filled doughnut he bought from this little French village on his last state visit to France. Suddenly China takes umbrage to this and sends you a letter demanding money and threatening arrest (because they’re like that). What do you say then? Get fucked! Right? You’ve broken no UK laws. It’s legitimate satire. But China doesn’t see it that way. Who wins?
Fair point. It’s very tricky to get the balance right. I don’t have an easy answer as it is not an easy subject. You could take the Chinese strategy and remove the access to these sites for Chinese users (a great firewall but Bri’ish. Oi M8 u can’t internet there). Or you reach outside your sovereign jurisdiction and attempt to impose laws from one country on another.
I suppose traditionally if you look at this in the same way as breaking regulations by larger multinationals the point there is that they do have a non trivial presence on the UK (or the EU) and so we can play the game of fining them on our own soil under our own jurisdictions or making it harder to grant new business to them. Until you reach the size of Apple who simply say “get fucked UK I won’t bow to you”. But you can’t do that to companies that don’t have a presence in the UK as the threats are meaningless.
Which brings you back to the Great British Bake Off Wall. Only we need to figure out how that can be used using existing laws and not abused. But then one needs to accept that we are more like China than we want to admit?
That’s a huge question that’s plagued law makers since the birth of the internet. The status quo has been that if you have a legal entity in that country, that legal entity is subject to the county’s laws.
The UK does not have jurisdiction over foreign companies. They only have jurisdiction over UK companies, which may include UK arms of multinationals.
And conversely, a US court doesn’t have jurisdiction over a UK watchdog. So I’m not sure what this lawsuit hopes to achieve, other than reiterating what you said.
The UK does have jurisdiction over the internet within the UK and lawmakers where aware that there is little they can do to compel foreign operations to comply. That’s why the OSA gives Ofcom powers to disrupt these operations by compelling other businesses to take action.
Is this how the internet works? Lawyers in Florida decide how computers connect to each other? Interesting 🤔.