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Cake day: June 15th, 2023

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  • In the entire history of the US, there have only been five ever expelled from the US House of Representatives. Three of those five that were expelled because of that whole Civil War thing.

    Today, we’ve added a sixth name to that list. George Santos.

    And don’t forget the guy has in front of him a very long list of Federal indictments that include hits like conspiracy against the United States, wire fraud, credit card fraud, and money laundering all of those being really big no-nos. Dude has absolutely not been having the greatest last eleven months of his life and boy oh boy we’re JUST getting started on the downhill for him.

    Like it’s a surprisingly very LONG list of crimes he’s facing, like WTF dude did you just spend the last eleven months going, “Okay I’ve had my morning coffee, time to crime!” And then investigators found more crime after he was indicted and was like “Oh no we’ve got to put all that other crime on pause because … I mean JUST LOOK AT THIS SHIT!!” and filed a superseding indictment. Like shit was so bad, US Prosecutors were like “all his previous crimes, we’ve got to put that shit on pause. This new shit, it’s GOT to take priority.” There’s no way you violate that much of the law just by happy chance.

    I don’t know where we’ll all be at in five years from now, but I DO know that each day from now onward, for George Santos it can only get worse for him. Like today, today is the worse day in George Santos’ life. And tomorrow, tomorrow will be the worse day in George Santos’ life. And that pattern will continue for a good amount of time going forward.



  • Well the issue at hand is that this is starting to get to the point that like the x86 arch, you cannot just move the NR_CPUS value upward and call it done. The kernel needs to keep some information on hand about the CPUs, it’s usually about 8KB per CPU. That is usually allocated on the stack which is a bit of special memory that comes with some assurances like it being continuous and when things go out of scope they are automagically deallocated for you.

    However, because of those special assurances, just simply increasing the size of the stack can create all kinds of issues. Namely TLB missing, which one of the things to make CPUs go faster is to move bits of RAM into some special RAM inside the CPU called cache (which there’s different levels of cache and each level has different properties which is getting a bit too deep into details). The CPU attempts to make a guess as to the next bit of RAM that needs to move into cache before it’s actually needed, this called prediction. Usually the CPU gets it right but sometimes it gets it wrong and the CPU must tell the actual core that it needs to wait while it goes and gets the correct bit of RAM, because the cores move way faster than the transfer of RAM to the cache, this is why the CPU needs to move the bits from RAM into cache before the core actually needs it.

    So keeping the stack small pretty much ensures that you can fit the stack into one of the levels of cache on the CPU and allows the stack to be fast and have all that neat automagical stuff like deallocation when it goes out of scope. So you just cannot increase the NR_CPUS value because the stack will just get too large to nicely fit inside the cache, so it’ll get broken up into “pages” with the current page in cache and the other one still in RAM and there will be swapping between the pages which can introduce TLB misses.

    So the patch being submitted for particular configurations will set the CPUMASK_OFFSTACK flag. This moves that CPU information that’s being maintained to be off of the stack. That is to be allocated with slab allocation. Slab allocation is a kernel allocation algorithm that’s a bit different than if you did the usual C style malloc or calloc (which I will indicate that for any C programmers out there, you should use calloc first and if you have reasons use malloc. But calloc should be your go to for security reasons but I don’t want to paper over details here by just saying use calloc and never use malloc. There’s a difference and that difference is important in some cases).

    Without deep diving into kernel slabs, slabs are a bit different in that they don’t have some of those nice automagical things that come with the stack memory. So one must be a bit more careful with how they are used, but that’s the nice thing about the slab allocator is that it’s pretty smart about ensuring it’s doing the right thing. This is for the 5.3 kernel, but I love the charts that give a overview of how the slab allocator works. It’s pretty similar in 6.x kernels, but I don’t have any nifty charts for that version, but if some does I will love you if you posted a link.

    That said, it’s a bit slower but a fair enough tradeoff until there’s some change in ARM Cortex-X memory cache arrangement. Which going from memory I think Cortex-X4 has 32MB shared L3 cache, which if you have 8KB on the 8192 CPU max, you’ll need 64MB just to hold the CPU bitmap in L3 which is slow compared to the other levels. And there’s other stuff you’re going to need in the cache at any given time so hogging it all is not ideal. Setting the limit for stack usage to 512 is good as that means the bitmap is just 4MB and you can schedule well ahead of time (the kernel has a prefetcher which things within the kernel can do all kinds of special stuff with it to indicate when a bit of RAM needs to be moved into cache, for us measly users we can only make a suggestion called a hint, to the prefetcher) when to move it all into cache or leave it in RAM. So it’s a good balance for the moment.

    But Server style ARM is making headway and so it makes sense to do a lot with it in the same way the kernel handles server style x86 and other server style archs like POWER and what not. But not mess with it too much for consumer style ARM, which hardly needs these massive bitmaps.



  • He’s the right age for a midlife crisis and a lot at that point can get triggered by growing mortality combined with a perceived lack of accomplishment in life. Additionally, as others have said, substance abuse is likely a factor in his life. A lot of wealthy people have huge substance abuse issues that their access to vast resources allows them to buffer most of the usual consequences of such. On top of all of that, he’s going through a divorce and child custody case with Grimes that is gearing up to be more toxic than a bottle of freshly pumped reactor four coolant water from the Chernobyl disaster.

    Yeah I think mental breakdown is a pretty good bet. It is highly likely Musk has a substance abuse issue on top of all of that which is likely not helping anything. The wealthy in the United States do have some of the highest substance abuse rates because for many of them, their lifestyles and access to their vast wealth helps to buffer pretty much a lot of the usual consequences that people face with substance abuse issues. It wouldn’t surprise me the least to hear Musk diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder and that he’s largely avoided his “come to Jesus” moment in that due to his vast wealth.

    the way hes talking is weird

    Yeah, it looks exactly the same way my Aunt used to talk when she was heavy on psychedelics, including the body language. It’s a kind of disinhibition where the mind isn’t firing any of the parts that would usually guide a person on making thoughtful responses and keeping up with the current situation. Like Musk in the video constantly looks like he’s talking to someone out in the audience rather than responding to the person asking the questions but then after talking jets his head right back to the person asking questions like he’s asking “more fuel please”.

    I would be surprised if all of this isn’t driven by some substance abuse. But that said, none of anything that’s happening is likely good for his mental state, even with his wealth all of this is likely taking a toll on his mental state. The drugs only beg the question of how aware he might be of his declining mental health. But he’d likely tell any doctor concerned about Musk’s mental state to go fuck themselves at this point.


  • Musk responded that the advertising boycott is likely to kill the company. “What this advertising boycott is going to do is it’s going to kill the company, and the whole world will know that those advertisers killed the company and we will document it in great detail,”

    When Sorkin pointed out that advertisers see things differently, Musk replied, “oh yeah? Tell it to Earth.”

    Sorkin continued: “They’re going to say, Elon, that you killed the company because you said these things and they were inappropriate things and they didn’t feel comfortable on the platform. That’s what they’re going to say.”

    “And let’s see how Earth responds to that,” Musk replied.

    I mean… I think that pretty much removes any last doubt anyone might have had that Elon Musk had any grasp on the reality that he himself exists in.








  • That kid is way too young for organ harvesting though. Most of the demand for organs is from adults who need adult sized organs and kid organs won’t keep growing in a body that’s long stopped producing all the hormone indicators to signal for growth.

    or… or, so I’m told.


  • Things to note about these:

    • Most models are 220V 30A. If you have an electrical already, you likely have everything you need here. If you have gas, you will need to run 10 AWG or 8 AWG wiring and install a new breaker. Depending on where you live, you’ll likely need a permit and have your handy work inspected before putting the water heater to service. If you aren’t sure when you’ll need 10 AWG over 8 AWG, hire a professional.
    • The 120V 15A models are slower at heating water and do so for a smaller volume. These models you can plug right into the wall, but they are usually a bit slower at coming to temperature for the water and for smaller volume. There’s a Rheem version that’s plug-in and has something like a 80 gallon store. However, it is highly recommended for use only in warm climates and installed outside in a small enclosure. Basically if you don’t live in Southern California, Texas, Florida and all the states that touch those states in between them, you shouldn’t try using this.
    • Like all heat pumps, there is an air filter that you need to replace. Usually these devices have apps that will notify you when a filter is needing to be cleaned or replaced.
    • Also like all heat pumps, there’s a fan motor that will make sound. Luckily, most heat pump water heaters attempt to minimize the sound. That said, it’s not zero sound and nobody should be recommending that one of these things be installed in a room adjacent to a bedroom. I mean, this is one of those things that really depends on “how well do you tolerate noise?” But these things will produce a pretty consistent hum.
    • The act of cooling the air from these reduces the humidity in the air. So you must drain that water that is produced. I think this is one thing that catches most people off-guard about these. Most water heaters don’t have a method for draining water because water around a water heater is usually a bad sign. So you do need to drain off the condensate. You can take a big bucket and collect the water to bail later, but how much water it’ll produce is dependent on what the humidity is in your area. If you’re in like Florida except something like a hint over a gallon of water per day. But most professional installations will install a drain line for you that leads to the outside, unless you’re putting this thing like smack dab in the dead middle of your house and you’re on a slab. That would obviously present a slightly higher challenge for that drain line installation.

    But all that said, these things are super neato. It’s just really important for people to have realistic expectations before installing one.